Collaborazione scientifica del prof. Marco Toscani e del dott. Pasquale Fino, Cattedra di Chirurgia Plastica, Ricostruttiva ed Estetica, Policlinico Umberto I – Università “Sapienza” di Roma.
Changes in the hair shaft lead to deterioration with the appearance of ruined or damaged hair.
In healthy hair, the cuticle is whole, with overlapping shingles. Hair with whole ends appears shiny, elastic and brushes easily.
In this case of brittle hair, the shingles of the cuticle are raised or in some cases absent. Hair appears coarse to the touch, dull, opaque, untameable, difficult to brush, with loss of color and a reduction of shininess.
In this type of damaged hair, the protein structure of keratin appears to be altered. The hair loses its amino acidic equilibrium, becoming gradually more delicate and less resistant to external aggressions. One of the possible causes is psycho-physical stress.
Use of an overly intense or hot hair dryer results in dryness and dehydration of the shaft. The hair becomes electrified. It ends up losing its hydro-equilibrium, with a subsequent reduction of diameter of the shaft.
Characterized by the presence of split ends. Hair appears dry with the presence of dry, discolored and damaged ends. In the case of some lengths, it may assume a particular “dovetail” form.
Trichoclasis, typical of fine, thin hair, causes very deep damage in the hair stem. The hair ends open up like a brush. The cause of trichoclasis is mineral deficiency.
Swelling of the cuticle and the cortex lead to a reduction and subsequent loss in elasticity and softness of the hair, making it untameable and difficult to brush. Off-the-shelf products with emollient and hydrating properties such as oil compresses, flaxseed and restructuring and regenerating masks are remedies and treatments used to cure brittle hair.
The life cycle of hair and its subsequent growth occur at a speed of 1-1.5 cm per month. Hair is a living element that follows a follicle cycle with an average duration of 2-6 years. In humans, unlike other mammals that are subject to a periodic change, this cyclic evolution is not synchronous (therefore each hair is independent from the others).
Androgenetic alopecia is the most common type of hair loss and affects the majority of white men, with varying degrees of seriousness. It is less frequent in other ethnic groups. Often it can be associated with a family history of baldness, but the absence of other affected family members does not exclude the diagnosis. The condition is characterized by progressive hair loss in the crown area, the front hairline and the temporal area.
Brittle hair is hair that appears opaque and without shininess. It is characterized by glaringly visible damage and deterioration of the shaft.
The causes that lead to the problem of brittle hair may be of endogenous and exogenous origin.
The term Telogen Effluvium was introduced for the first time by Kligman (*) in 1961 to introduce an acute hair loss of benign origin that follows an intense and short period of stress of different types. Subsequently, Rebora (**) introduced the concept of chronic Telogen Effluvium.
Seborrheic hair loss is a form of premature hair loss that generally afflicts men in their youth (onset between 20 and 30 years of age), mainly affecting the frontal region and the crown. The cause, as the name of the condition suggests, is related to an excess production of sebum that provokes or accelerates hair loss.
Both men and women of any age may have dry hair. This situation is endured not only as an aesthetic problem, but in time may represent a problem concerning hair health. Dry hair often appears weak, fragile and tends to become brittle and to break.
Dry hair often has split ends and other forms of damage to the shaft.
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