Scientific collaboration between Professor Marco Toscani and Dr. Pasquale Fino, Chair of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Umberto I Health Center – “Sapienza” University of Rome.
Changes in the hair shaft lead to deterioration with the appearance of ruined or damaged hair.
In healthy hair, the cuticle is whole, with overlapping shingles. Hair with whole ends appears shiny, elastic and brushes easily.
In this case of brittle hair, the shingles of the cuticle are raised or in some cases absent. Hair appears coarse to the touch, dull, opaque, untameable, difficult to brush, with loss of color and a reduction of shininess.
In this type of damaged hair, the protein structure of keratin appears to be altered. The hair loses its amino acidic equilibrium, becoming gradually more delicate and less resistant to external aggressions. One of the possible causes is psycho-physical stress.
Use of an overly intense or hot hair dryer results in dryness and dehydration of the shaft. The hair becomes electrified. It ends up losing its hydro-equilibrium, with a subsequent reduction of diameter of the shaft.
Characterized by the presence of split ends. Hair appears dry with the presence of dry, discolored and damaged ends. In the case of some lengths, it may assume a particular “dovetail” form.
Trichoclasis, typical of fine, thin hair, causes very deep damage in the hair stem. The hair ends open up like a brush. The cause of trichoclasis is mineral deficiency.
Swelling of the cuticle and the cortex lead to a reduction and subsequent loss in elasticity and softness of the hair, making it untameable and difficult to brush. Off-the-shelf products with emollient and hydrating properties such as oil compresses, flaxseed and restructuring and regenerating masks are remedies and treatments used to cure brittle hair.
This is very short hair, between 1 cm and a maximum of 2 cm in length, which usually has insufficient pigmentation. This hair has a base structure that is quite large, almost like normal hair. It then tends to get smaller towards the end, thus taking on the form of a very pointed cone.
This hair has a strong tendency to fall out.
The term Telogen Effluvium was introduced for the first time by Kligman (*) in 1961 to introduce an acute hair loss of benign origin that follows an intense and short period of stress of different types. Subsequently, Rebora (**) introduced the concept of chronic Telogen Effluvium.
Hyperseborrhea or hypersecretion of sebum is simply a scalp problem due to an excessive production of sebum caused by hyperactivity of the sebaceous glands. Immediate symptoms of hyperseborrhea are scalp itchiness and pain. However, a later symptom is hair loss.
The acronym PRPHT stands for “Platelet Rich Plasma Hair Therapy”. It is a therapeutic medical technique that falls within the field of “regenerative medicine”; it is based on the principle that stem cells, which have been demonstrated to be present in the hair bulb, are equipped with growth factor receptors.
With the term Telogen Defluvium we mean a modest, not excessive, loss of hair in the telogen phase, but which tends to often be irreversible, with the precise characteristics of hair in decay or involution. The hair that falls out is usually short and fine, with bulbs that are undeveloped and reduced in size.
The scalp is an ultra-specialized area of the skin, where hair is anchored. Like other hair, also the hair on the scalp originates from a hair follicle, called a bulb.
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