Scientific collaboration between Professor Marco Toscani and Dr. Pasquale Fino, Chair of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Umberto I Health Center – “Sapienza” University of Rome.
Changes in the hair shaft lead to deterioration with the appearance of ruined or damaged hair.
In healthy hair, the cuticle is whole, with overlapping shingles. Hair with whole ends appears shiny, elastic and brushes easily.
In this case of brittle hair, the shingles of the cuticle are raised or in some cases absent. Hair appears coarse to the touch, dull, opaque, untameable, difficult to brush, with loss of color and a reduction of shininess.
In this type of damaged hair, the protein structure of keratin appears to be altered. The hair loses its amino acidic equilibrium, becoming gradually more delicate and less resistant to external aggressions. One of the possible causes is psycho-physical stress.
Use of an overly intense or hot hair dryer results in dryness and dehydration of the shaft. The hair becomes electrified. It ends up losing its hydro-equilibrium, with a subsequent reduction of diameter of the shaft.
Characterized by the presence of split ends. Hair appears dry with the presence of dry, discolored and damaged ends. In the case of some lengths, it may assume a particular “dovetail” form.
Trichoclasis, typical of fine, thin hair, causes very deep damage in the hair stem. The hair ends open up like a brush. The cause of trichoclasis is mineral deficiency.
Swelling of the cuticle and the cortex lead to a reduction and subsequent loss in elasticity and softness of the hair, making it untameable and difficult to brush. Off-the-shelf products with emollient and hydrating properties such as oil compresses, flaxseed and restructuring and regenerating masks are remedies and treatments used to cure brittle hair.
With the term Telogen Defluvium we mean a modest, not excessive, loss of hair in the telogen phase, but which tends to often be irreversible, with the precise characteristics of hair in decay or involution. The hair that falls out is usually short and fine, with bulbs that are undeveloped and reduced in size.
The phenomenon of split ends, also called trichoptilosis, is a hair problem that depends on an alteration of the hair shaft with concurrent modification and deterioration of the structure, form and physiology of the hair.
Both men and women of any age may have dry hair. This situation is endured not only as an aesthetic problem, but in time may represent a problem concerning hair health. Dry hair often appears weak, fragile and tends to become brittle and to break.
Dry hair often has split ends and other forms of damage to the shaft.
Female hair loss is a common form of non-scarring hair loss, characterized by the progressive loss of hair in the forehead and crown regions, resulting in visible thinning. Unlike male hair loss, female hair loss in the affected areas is usually incomplete and the occipital area is generally spared.
In the trichological field, with the passing of age hair whitening is seen to follow the greying process of the hair on the scalp (called grey hair). Hair becomes grey (white) following a natural biological aging process of the melanocytes, which are the cells tasked with coloring hair.
In the majority of people, the first grey hairs appear around 35/40 years of age in women and around 30/35 in men.
Psychogenic alopecia is a type of hair loss related to stress. Though not yet scientifically explained, this connection is well-known in the experience of those working with the problem. In addition to stress, other causes are personality disorders, states of anxiety and depression, all of which are conditions of acute or chronic stress.
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