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Scientific Area

Split ends

CATEGORIES SCIENTIFIC AREA

Scientific collaboration between Professor Marco Toscani and Dr. Pasquale Fino, Chair of Plastic, Reconstructive and Aesthetic Surgery, Umberto I Health Center – “Sapienza” University of Rome.

It is impossible to definitively remove split ends by cutting them. If the cause is not removed, they will come back during the hair regrowth phase.
In hair that has split ends, the hair shaft shows pronged ends.

Another frequent physiological alteration of hair ends is trichorrhexis nodosa.
In this situation, the hair shaft takes the form of the tip of a pen, with the presence of lengthwise cracks and nodules located along the entire shaft.

The term “Bubble Hair” indicates the presence of air bubbles inside the hair shaft.
Bubble Hair may be found in areas of fragile, thin and broken hair. Problems such as ringworm may cause Bubble Hair.

The last remedy for combating split ends and hair that breaks easily is to cease all chemical treatments (strong dyes, perms, highlights, decolorations, etc.). Moreover, it is important to undergo an oil or hydrating mask treatment, then cleansing the scalp and lastly proceeding with washes that require just one dosage of shampoo so as to not further damage the hair shaft.
Regardless of the treatments proposed, it is important to remember that the first remedy for split ends is prevention, which consists in a lifestyle that guarantees perfect hair health, thereby avoiding the phenomenon of split ends.

Proper nutrition providing the raw materials also allows us to strengthen damaged hair, making it less susceptible to split ends.
It is also useful to stop or reduce smoking, as smoke allows toxins to enter the circulation and these are then also absorbed by the hair bulbs, with harmful effects on the keratinization process, and favoring the appearance of split ends.

Hair follicles and bulbs

A hair follicle is a formation of epidermal origin, anchored in the dermis and consisting of a hair and its sheath.
The formation of hair follicles occurs early. They begin to appear as early as the second month of gestation. These follicles will continue to form for the entire duration of the pregnancy. At birth, the baby will indeed have the entire supply of follicles with which it was genetically equipped and from this moment on, no others will form.

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Cuneiform hair or dwarf hair

This is very short hair, between 1 cm and a maximum of 2 cm in length, which usually has insufficient pigmentation. This hair has a base structure that is quite large, almost like normal hair. It then tends to get smaller towards the end, thus taking on the form of a very pointed cone.
This hair has a strong tendency to fall out.

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Hair types and morphology

Some parameters and characteristics should be taken into consideration when assessing hair types and morphologies: shape, density and appearance. The appearance of hair, in the form of lanugo, occurs during the fourth month of pregnancy.

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Scalp itchiness

Scalp itchiness of varying intensity is a sensation perceived by many people of both sexes.
Itchiness is a scalp problem that leads those afflicted to scratch their skin and is often associated with pain. Many causes of this illness are recognized, which shouldn’t be underestimated as it may cause hair loss or thinning.

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Seborrheic alopecia (seborrheic hair loss)

Seborrheic hair loss is a form of premature hair loss that generally afflicts men in their youth (onset between 20 and 30 years of age), mainly affecting the frontal region and the crown. The cause, as the name of the condition suggests, is related to an excess production of sebum that provokes or accelerates hair loss.

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